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Nouns (Ges.§ 81)
A noun is a person, place or thing.
Translation:
Blessed are the perfect in the way,
Gender: Male, Female
Look at the Hebrew word for “way”. It is pronounced dar(d)eh(k). It has two gender attributes: masculine and feminine. Not all nouns are like that. (More on nouns below.)
The first letter is a dalet. Always use your text for accurate font, not my font. The dalet makes a “d” sound. The dalet is a consonant and has a vowel underneath, a cawmatz. (We discussed this before so you can go back to review if you don't remember.) This makes a “dah” sound. It has an also an important accent mark, disjunctive: “atnah”—a principal divider within a verse-- memorize this one. See Ges.§ 15f2. So, we have the first syllable with stress on it because of the accent mark: “da”. I usually put the stress transliteration in bold type.
The next letter is a resh. Some pronounce it as an “rd” sound at times. It has a segole underneath, giving it a “re” or “de” sound. The following letter is kaph sofit. Sofit means “end”. So the kaph sofit means the letter kaph at the end of the word. A silent sheva is within it. The syllable is pronounced “rek” or “rdek”. It is the third word in the sound clip: Sound.
The word dar(d)eh(k) is preceded by the maqqeph __ , a word-joiner: “binder”. See Gesenius § 16, the first paragraph. This makes the word before the maqqeph and after it of one accent, with the accent on the “da” syllable.
Absolute
It seems to be an object of a preposition as we have translated it, but in the Hebrew it is an absolute noun. The absolute noun is related to the construct adjective.
Nouns
Number: Singular, plural and dual
Types of nouns:
Masculine singular:
Plural:
Some masculine, plural nouns end in “eem” sound-- a yud with a hirek before a mem sofit. There are exceptions: some may end with a feminine-like ending ot (vav followed with a tav). You will have to learn nouns as you study them.
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sa'reem princes |
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sar prince |
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Dual (see Ges.§ 88): It is usually associated with pairs. The form may be: a radical with an accent mark at top and a pattach below, followed by a yud with a hirek vowel, and a mem sofit.
Feminine singular:
They generally may end in ah (cawmatz vowel before the letter hey), at (pattach vowel before consonant tav), or et (segole vowel before consonant tav).
Plural: They may end in ot (vav, tav) or (holem vowel preceding the tav). Sometimes they may have masculine endings: “eem” sound--a yud with a hirek before a mem sofit.
Dual: It may look like a tav with a pattach beneath it, preceded by a cawmatz, followed with the yud with a hirek beneath, and ending in mem sofit.